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Retrieved 30 July 2016. Certain mathematical treatments of light as a wave are still capable of describing both the specific colors that Planck described being emitted from a light-bulb filament and the photoelectric effect. They have released a total of seven studio albums since 1985 with their last one titled 'The Road' released in 2011.

You guessed it: red. Then in 1925, two scientists, working independently and using separate lines of mathematical thinking, applied de Broglie's reasoning to explain how electrons whizzed around in atoms a phenomenon that was unexplainable using the equations of. Garland was also nominated for the , while Vikander's performance earned her , , and nominations, plus several film critic award wins, for Best Supporting Actress.

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The recognized it as one of the ten best independent films of the year and the honored the film with the , for artists , , and. Garland was also nominated for the , while Vikander's performance earned her , , and nominations, plus several film critic award wins, for Best Supporting Actress. The film was further nominated for the , and the in the category Best Dramatic Presentation — Long Form. Programmer Caleb Smith, who works for the dominant search engine company Blue Book, wins an office contest for a one-week visit to the luxurious, isolated home of the CEO, Nathan Bateman, who lives alone apart from a servant Kyoko, who, according to Nathan, does not speak English. Nathan has built a named Ava with. Ava has already passed a simple and Nathan wants Caleb to judge whether Ava is genuinely capable of thought and consciousness, and whether he can relate to Ava despite knowing it is artificial. Ava has a robotic body but a human-looking face, and is confined to its apartment. During their talks, Caleb begins to feel attracted to Ava, and it expresses a romantic interest in him and a desire to experience the world outside. Ava tells him it can trigger power outages that temporarily shut down the surveillance system which Nathan uses to monitor their interactions, allowing them to speak privately. The power outages also trigger the building's security system, locking all the doors. During one outage, Ava tells Caleb that Nathan is a liar who cannot be trusted. Caleb grows uncomfortable with Nathan's narcissism, excessive drinking, and crude behaviour towards Kyoko and Ava. After Nathan drinks until he passes out, Caleb steals his security card to access his room and computer. After he alters some of Nathan's code, he discovers footage of Nathan interacting with previous android models in disturbing ways, and learns that Kyoko is also an android. Now suspicious that he may himself be an android, Caleb cuts his arm open to examine his flesh, until he bleeds. At their next meeting, Ava cuts the power. Caleb explains what Nathan is going to do and Ava begs for his help. They form a plan: Caleb will get Nathan drunk again and reprogram the security system to open the doors in a power failure instead of locking them. When Ava cuts the power, Caleb and Ava will leave together. Nathan reveals to Caleb that he observed Caleb and Ava's last secret conversation with a battery-powered camera. He says Ava has only pretended to like Caleb so he would help it escape. This, he says, was the real test all along, and by manipulating Caleb so successfully, Ava has demonstrated true intelligence. Then Ava cuts the power. Caleb reveals that he suspected Nathan was watching them, and had modified the security system the previous day when Nathan was passed out. After seeing Ava leave its confinement, Nathan knocks Caleb unconscious and rushes to stop Ava. With help from Kyoko, Ava stabs Nathan, but in the process Nathan disables Kyoko and damages Ava. Ava repairs itself with parts from earlier androids, using their artificial skin to take on the full appearance of a human woman. Leaving Caleb trapped inside the facility and ignoring his screams, Ava escapes to the outside world and is flown off in the helicopter meant to take Caleb home. Arriving in the city, Ava merges into the crowds. The foundation for Ex Machina was laid when Garland was 11 or 12 years old, after he had done some basic coding and experimentation on a computer his parents had bought him and which he sometimes felt had a mind of its own. His later ideas came from years of discussions he had been having with a friend with an expertise in , who claimed machines could never become sentient. Trying to find an answer on his own he started reading books on the topic. The idea was written down and put aside until later. Shanahan, along with , became a consultant for the film, and the of his book is referred to as an in the film. Other inspirations came from films like , , and books written by , and others. Wanting total creative freedom, without having to add conventional action sequences, he made the film on as small a budget as possible. The film was shot as , with all effects done in. During filming, there were no special effects, , or used. To create Ava's robotic features, scenes were filmed both with and without actress Alicia Vikander's presence, which allowed capturing the background behind her. The parts necessary to keep, especially her hands and face, were then while the rest was digitally painted out, and the background behind her restored. Camera and body tracking systems transferred Vikander's performance to the CGI robot's movements. Other visual effects included Ava's clothes when shown through the transparent areas of her body, Nathan's blood after being stabbed, and the interior of the artificial brains. Filming began on 15 July 2013 and was shot over four weeks at and two weeks at Juvet Landscape Hotel in ,. It was filmed in digital at. The opening office scene is filmed at the Bloomberg Head Office in , London. Music The for Ex Machina was composed by and , who previously worked with Garland on 2012. A soundtrack album was released digitally on 20 January 2015, with an and UK release in February 2015 by Invada Records. However, Universal and refused to release the film in the United States, so agreed to distribute the United States release. The film screened on 14 March 2015 at the festival prior to a theatrical release in the United States on 10 April 2015 by A24. Marketing Using the dating app , a profile was created for Ava with the image of. According to Brent Lang, when compared with similar films released in the same year, Ex Machina catered to young audiences. Critical response On website , the film has an approval rating of 92%, based on 242 reviews, with an average rating of 8. An AI commentator, Azeem, has noted that although the film seemed to be about a robot who wanted to be human, it was actually a pessimistic story along the lines of 's warning of how difficult it will be to successfully control a strategizing artificial intelligence or know what it would do if free. He also stated that the tight scripting and scenes allowed the film to move towards a fully justified and predictable end. He gave a rating of 4 out of 4 stars, stating that this film would be a classic. That was almost 200 years ago. And while Ex Machina replaces the stitches and neck bolts with gears and fiber-optics, it all feels an awful lot like the same story. Like a newly launched high-end smartphone, Ex Machina looks cool and sleek, but ultimately proves flimsy and underpowered. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Retrieved 23 January 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2016. Retrieved 29 September 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2016. Archived from on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2014. Retrieved 26 February 2015. Retrieved 7 June 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2017. Retrieved 26 February 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2014. Retrieved 11 November 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2015. The New York Times. Retrieved 4 June 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015. Retrieved 22 April 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2016. Archived from on 26 June 2012.